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Grammar Reference

Quick-reference tables and summaries for Dutch grammar rules.

Verb Conjugation

A1+

Present tense conjugation patterns for regular and irregular verbs.

De / Het Word Lists

A1+

Common de-woorden and het-woorden with patterns to help you remember.

Word Order Rules

A1+

Overview of Dutch word order in main clauses and subordinate clauses.

Prepositions

A2+

Dutch prepositions of place, time, and direction with usage examples.

Past Tenses

A2+

Perfectum and imperfectum formation, hebben vs. zijn, and common irregular past participles.

Modal Verbs

A2+

Full conjugation of kunnen, mogen, moeten, willen, zullen, and hoeven with usage notes.

Separable Verbs

A2+

How separable verbs split in different clause types, with a list of common examples.

Adjectives

A2+

Inflection rules (de/het, definite/indefinite), spelling changes, and comparative/superlative forms.

Pronouns

A1+

Personal, reflexive, and possessive pronoun tables with usage notes.

Negation

A1+

When to use niet vs. geen, position of niet, and other negative words.

Conjunctions

A2+

Coordinating conjunctions (no word order change) and subordinating conjunctions (verb to end).

Irregular Verbs

A2+

Full conjugation table for 20 essential irregular verbs — present, imperfectum, and perfectum.

Subordinate Clauses

B1+

Verb position in subordinate clauses, relative pronouns (die/dat/wie/waar), and clause types.

Numbers & Quantities

A0+

Cardinal and ordinal numbers, plus useful quantity expressions like een beetje, veel, and genoeg.